Overview of the Differences between course learning outcomes and learning objectives & Description
Learning Outcomes / Course Learning Objectives (CLOs) are the overarching statement about the intended outcomes of a whole course or training program. CLOs are terminal outcomes or course goals and are the foundation that the learning experience is built on. They specify the knowledge, skills and abilities that the learners are expected to possess when they complete the course. They encapsulate the overall purpose and totality of the learning that takes place- the primary goals of the entire course. CLOs do require multiple steps to succeed, which is where Learning Objectives come in!
Learning Objectives (or enabling objectives) can be at the modular level or week level. These break down the Learning Outcomes into manageable, actionable steps, clear and measurable targets. They are referred to as "enabling objectives since they support the building blocks of the course and outline specific, measurable and achievable targets for each section or the course. They are commonly referred to as: module learning objectives (MLOs), unit learning outcomes (ULOs), weekly learning objectives (WLOs), or lesson learning objectives (LLOs). These are building blocks to support the CLOs.
Tips for creating Learning Objectives include:
Be Specific and Clear, Use Action Verbs, Focus on Measurability, Align to Course Learning Outcomes, Keep Objectives Manageable, Consider the Sequence, Align with Bloom's Taxonomy.
Develop learning objectives that are OUTCOMES focused will allow you to design your learning activity in a way that prioritizes the achievement of these goals.
overview of Bloom's Taxonomy
Bloom's Taxonomy is an essential framework for instructional designers. It provides a structured guide for creating learning objectives and activities that align with the desired level of cognitive engagement. Developed by Benjamin Bloom in the 1950s, it was later revised by a cognitive psychologists in 2001.
Bloom's Taxonomy classifies educational objectives and cognitive skills into a hierarchical structure, allowing for a more organized and systematic approach to teaching and assessing learning. Understanding Bloom's Taxonomy is crucial for instructional designers as it provides a structured guide for creating learning objectives and activities that align with the desired level of cognitive engagement.
Bloom's Taxonomy consists of six distinct levels, or Cognitive Domains.
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Remembering: At the base of the taxonomy is the "remembering" level, which involves recalling information. This can include facts, terms, or basic concepts.
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Understanding: Moving up, "understanding" involves grasping the meaning of information. Learners can explain concepts in their own words and demonstrate comprehension.
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Applying: The "applying" level involves using knowledge in new and practical situations. Learners can take what they've learned and apply it to solve problems or complete tasks.
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Analyzing: The "analyzing" level encourages critical thinking. Learners break down information into its component parts, identifying patterns, relationships, or underlying structures.
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Evaluating: The "evaluating" level involves making judgments or assessments based on criteria. Learners can critique, appraise, and defend their own viewpoints.
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Creating: At the top of the taxonomy is the "creating" level, where learners generate new ideas, products, or
The diagram below visualizes theses distinct levels.:
Instructional designers can utilize the Bloom's Taxonomy framework to create clear and impactful learning objectives. The strategies include:
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Align Objectives with Learning Levels
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Use Action Verbs
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Focus on Measurability
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Connect to Learning Outcomes
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Consider Variety and Progression
Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) are a critical collaborator for all Instructional Designers. They are, as their name captures, the experts who provide accuracy, relevance and effectiveness of the learning materials.
They provide the following:
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Content Expertise
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Clarification of Learning Objective
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Development of Content
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Review and Feedback
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Alignment with Industry Trends
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Learner Perspective
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Effective Communication
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Collaboration and Mutual Understanding